Unyango Lwamanzi Amdaka Lungena Kwixesha Elitsha: Ukusuka Kulawulo Longcoliseko Ukuya Ekubuyiselweni Kwezixhobo
Ishishini lendalo lehlabathi lingena kwinqanaba elitsha njengoko unyango lwamanzi amdaka ludlula ulawulo longcoliseko lwendabuko kwaye lusiba yinxalenye yalo Uqoqosho olujikelezayoNgowama-2026, iingcali zoshishino kunye nabaphandi banikela ingqalelo engakumbi kwitekhnoloji engenakususa ungcoliseko emanzini amdaka kuphela, kodwa enokubuyisa amanzi, izondlo, amandla kunye nezinye izixhobo ezixabisekileyo.
Kangangamashumi eminyaka, izitishi zonyango lwamanzi amdaka beziyilelwe ukukhusela imilambo, amachibi kunye neendawo ezihlala elunxwemeni ngokususa izinto eziphilayo, izinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo kunye nezondlo ngaphambi kokuba amanzi acociweyo akhutshwe. Nangona kunjalo, ukunqongophala kwamanzi okwandayo, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso amandla kunye nemithetho yokusingqongileyo eyandayo kuyanyanzela eli shishini ukuba licinge ngokutsha ngale ndlela yendabuko. Uphando lwakutshanje luchaza amanzi amdaka njengomthombo onokubakho endaweni yokuba ngumjelo wenkunkuma, onamathuba okuba Ukubuyiselwa Kwamanzi, ukubuyiswa kwezondlo kunye nokuveliswa kwegesi yebhayoloji.
Enye yezona ndlela zibalulekileyo kukuphuhliswa iinkqubo zokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwamanzi kunye nokubuyisela izixhobo. Izibonelelo zonyango zanamhlanje zinokubuyisa amanzi asemgangathweni ophezulu kwiinkqubo zoshishino, ukunkcenkceshela, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, ezinye izinto ezingaselwayo. Kwangaxeshanye, izondlo ezifana ne-nitrogen kunye ne-phosphorus zinokufunyanwa kwaye zisetyenziswe njengezixhobo zezolimo. Izinto eziphilayo emanzini amdaka nazo zinokuguqulwa zibe yi-biogas, nto leyo enceda izityalo zonyango ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwazo kumandla angaphandle.
Enye indlela entsha kukuhlanganiswa kwe ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa (AI), i-Intanethi yezinto (IoT) kunye namawele edijithali kwimisebenzi yokucoca amanzi amdaka. Ezi teknoloji zinokunceda abaqhubi ukuba bajonge umgangatho wamanzi, baqikelele ukusilela kwezixhobo kwaye baphucule iinkqubo zonyango ngexesha langempela. Uphononongo luka-2026 lwetekhnoloji yamanzi amdaka oluphambili lubonise i-AI kunye neewele zedijithali njengezixhobo ezibalulekileyo zokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.
Eli shishini lijongene nomceli mngeni omtsha: izinto ezingcolisayo ezivelayo. Unyango oluqhelekileyo lwebhayoloji alusoloko lwanele ukususa izinto ezifana nePFAS, amayeza, iiplastiki ezincinci kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo ezihlala zikhona. I-PFAS, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba “ziikhemikhali ezingapheliyo,” iye yaba yingxaki ebaluleke kakhulu kwindalo esingqongileyo ngenxa yokuqhubeka kwazo nobunzima bonyango. Izifundo zakutshanje zibonise ukuba izityalo zonyango lwamanzi amdaka kunye nodaka lwamanzi amdaka ziindlela ezibalulekileyo apho iPFAS inokungena khona kwindalo esingqongileyo.
Umthetho ukhawulezisa olu tshintsho. Ngo-Agasti 2026, i-European Union yaqala ukusebenzisa imithetho emitsha yokupakisha equka imiqathango kwi-PFAS ekupakisheni ukutya kunye neemfuno eziqinileyo zokupakisha okungasetyenziswa kwakhona. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo wenzelwe ukunciphisa inkunkuma, ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziluhlaza zesibini kunye nokuqinisa uqoqosho olujikelezayo lwaseYurophu.
Olu phuhliso ludala amathuba amatsha kwiinkampani zobuchwepheshe bokusingqongileyo. Kulindeleke ukuba kubekho imfuno yokucoca okuphucukileyo, iinkqubo ze-membrane, ukususwa kwamanzi odaka, ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwamanzi, ukubuyiselwa kwezondlo, ukujonga ngobuchule kunye nezixhobo zonyango ezisebenzisa amandla kakuhle. Iinkampani ezinokudibanisa ukusebenza konyango okuthembekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphantsi kunye nokubuyiselwa kwezixhobo kusenokwenzeka ukuba zikhuphisana ngakumbi.
Ngoko ke ikamva lokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka alisekho nje malunga nokwenza amanzi angcolileyo acoceke. Limalunga nokudala inkqubo apho amanzi, amandla kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswayo zihlala zijikeleza ixesha elide kangangoko kunokwenzekaNjengoko imithetho yokusingqongileyo isiya iqina kwaye imithombo yamanzi isiya ixabiseka ngakumbi, unyango lwamanzi amdaka luyatshintsha ukusuka ekubeni yinkonzo yokusingqongileyo ebiza kakhulu ukuya ekubeni yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yoqoqosho olujikelezayo lwehlabathi.